{"id":60,"date":"2015-12-14T11:41:07","date_gmt":"2015-12-14T11:41:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/falacias.escepticos.es\/?page_id=60"},"modified":"2020-09-29T13:15:22","modified_gmt":"2020-09-29T11:15:22","slug":"afirmacion-del-consecuente","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/afirmacion-del-consecuente\/","title":{"rendered":"Affirming the consequent"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>If A then B.&nbsp; B, therefore A<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/03eng.gif\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-324\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-733 size-full\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/03eng.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"oculto\" style=\"visibility: hidden; display: none;\">\n<p id=\"p1\">https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/03eng.gif<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<button onclick=\"copiarAlPortapapeles('p1')\">Click here to copy the image for your social network<\/button><\/p>\n<p>An argument following this logic is invalid:<br \/>\nIf A then B<br \/>\nB<br \/>\ntherefore A.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><br \/>\nIf I\u2019m in Spain, I\u2019m in Europe. Since I\u2019m in Europe, I\u2019m in Spain (it is obvious that even if the premises are correct, i could be in France).<br \/>\nIf the factory contaminated the river, there would be an increase in fish deaths. Fish deaths increased, hence the factory is contaminating the river.<\/p>\n<p><strong>To refute it:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prove the conclusion could be wrong even if the premises are right. In general, prove that B could happen as a consequence of a different possibility than A. For instance, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> fish deaths could be due to uncontrolled pesticides and not <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">necessarily<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> because of the factory\u2019s activity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: grey; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 75%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whenever the source is not referenced, both definitions and examples have been extracted from a translation of Jaime Wilson jwilson@bytecr.com based on<em> Stephen\u2019s Guide to the Logical Fallacies<\/em>. Copyright 1995-1998 Stephen Downes. Brandon, Manitoba, Canada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: grey; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 75%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These texts have been modified by Miguel A. Lerma and now by us <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to adapt them -and those taken from Wikipedia- to our format.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If A then B.&nbsp; B, therefore A https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/03eng.gif Click here to copy the image for your social network An argument following this logic is invalid: If A then B B therefore A. Examples: If I\u2019m in Spain, I\u2019m in Europe. Since I\u2019m in Europe, I\u2019m in Spain (it is obvious that even if the premises [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":733,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1088,"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60\/revisions\/1088"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fallacies.escepticos.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}